How well does MPAS-atmosphere simulate the characteristics of the Botswana High?

The Botswana High is a prominent mid-tropospheric system that modulates rainfall over subtropical southern Africa, but the capability of global climate model (GCM) to reproduce it remains unknown. This study examines GCM with quasi-uniform resolution (Model Prediction Across Scales, hereafter MPAS) in simulating characteristics High. MPAS applied simulate at 240 km globe for period 1980–2010. results are validated against gridded observation dataset (Climate Research Unit, CRU), satellite (Global Precipitation Climatology Project, GPCP), and reanalysis datasets Forecast System Reanalysis, CFSR; National Oceanic Atmospheric Administration, NOAA; European Centre Medium-Range Weather Forecasts version 5, ERA5). In general, replicates all essential features climatology temperature, rainfall, 500 hPa geopotential height vertical motion reproduces spatial temporal variation High, captures influence on droughts deep convections sub-continent. addition, well anomalies Africa during +ve −ve phases However, struggles precipitation pattern associated positive negative modes this have an application understanding improving seasonal forecasting Africa.